New biological model proposes why postpartum vulvar pain persists after hormones recover

A new biological model published in Sexual Medicine Reviews by Oxford University Press addresses why pain during sex after childbirth—reported by 60% of women at three months—persists for some long after hormones return to normal. Developed by Dr. Laura Kelly of the Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship 2.0, the Postpartum Vulvar Tissue-State Model maps five biological systems that change after delivery and recover on distinct timelines.

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