More than a third of positive tests for mpox may have been false diagnoses

In August 2024, the World Health Organization declared the mpox upsurge in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and its spread to neighboring countries a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The emergence of a new strain and its rapid spread across eastern DRC, and later to other African countries and beyond, made reliable diagnosis essential for understanding the scale of the epidemic and guiding vaccination and other public health measures.

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